Adenomyosis
Adenomyosis is a condition that affects the uterus, causing discomfort and often heavy menstrual bleeding. It occurs in up to 20-35% of women. In this condition, the tissue that normally lines the uterus grows into the muscular wall of the uterus. This can make the uterus enlarged, tender, and can lead to various symptoms.
Symptoms of Adenomyosis
Symptoms of adenomyosis may include:
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Heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding
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Severe menstrual cramps
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Pelvic pain and pressure
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Pain during intercourse
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Bloating or swelling in the lower abdomen
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Irregular menstrual cycles
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Blood clots during menstruation
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Painful bowel movements or urination during menstruation
Causes of Adenomyosis
The exact cause of adenomyosis is not clear, but several factors may contribute:
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Hormonal imbalances, especially estrogen
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Previous childbirth or uterine surgeries
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Chronic inflammation within the uterus
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Genetic factors
Diagnosis
Diagnosing adenomyosis usually involves a combination of medical history, pelvic examination, and imaging tests such as ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In some cases, a biopsy of the uterine tissue may be recommended to confirm the diagnosis.
Treatment Options
Treatment for adenomyosis aims to relieve symptoms and improve quality of life. Treatment options may include:
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Pain medication: Over-the-counter pain relievers such as ibuprofen or naproxen.
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Hormonal therapy: Birth control pills, hormonal intrauterine devices (IUDs), or GnRH agonists may help regulate menstrual cycles and reduce symptoms.
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Uterine artery embolization (UAE): A minimally invasive procedure that blocks the blood supply to the uterus, leading to shrinkage of adenomyosis and relief of symptoms. There is some evidence to suggest this may assist with symptom relief in women who have finished child bearing.
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Hysterectomy: Surgical removal of the uterus may be recommended where symptoms are debilitating and other treatments have failed, or in women who are not able to take hormones who have finished child bearing.
Dr Goulding is highly skilled in the medical and surgical management of Adenomyosis and is able to offer comprehensive and multidisciplinary care to women with this condition.